Introduction and Objective: Today, one of the world's capacity to develop, promote communication and exchange among cultures and civilizations Vthvlat recent decades in the field of international RELATIONS, indicating the importance of the issue of the objectives of improving RELATIONS between the states, so Today, the world has witnessed the emergence of the field of cultural unions, and challenges in the field of international disputes, and resolving the convergence of states and nations. they provide being designed.Methods: The aim of this study in terms of research and in terms of theoretical and basic research method is a survey method relies. The research population consisted of experts and executives in the Department of Cultural Affairs.Results: The results of documentary research suggests that culture can make a deep connection between people and a stable category, the mergers, cross-border, acquisition, sharing, creating a unifying and consistent And can provide the stability in international RELATIONS. While the findings suggest that despite the efforts of foreign policy aimed at expanding the country's national interest, as trustee, the most appropriate way and not all the features and capabilities in the field of cultural globalization is not used.Conclusion: The combination of documentary and field research results and combine them in an operational model based on local guidelines contained in domestic, regional and international is a cultural component to increase efficiency and develop RELATIONS were developed.

Today, change of attitude to carpet studies is seriously felt because such area is experiencing changes in its value system.Carpet has changed from a purely functional object into a significant and multi-dimensional medium. Discursive system of Kerman’s carpet with its brilliant history can be considered as one of the most important centers for the production of discourse and meaning in Persian carpet system. Discursive system in Kerman’s carpet has several dimensions in which intercultural process can be considered as one of the active discursive fields. A number of Kerman’s Qajar carpets belonging to pictorial genre display deep intertextual RELATIONS with French pictorial tapestries. These carpets depict mythic narrative in the form of visual texts by a translating process based on visual system. These visual translations can imply the deep meanings of intercultural RELATIONS in a discursive action.Using semiotic approach and comparative analysis method, this research aims to answer the following main questions: which mechanism does intercultural RELATIONS process in discursive studies of Kerman ’ s carpet follow and which discursive elements can be effective in semiotic analysis of the intercultural RELATIONS process? By studying intercultural RELATIONS in two kinds of visual texts of Kerman ’ s carpet and French tapestry, this article has tried to show intercultural RELATIONS mechanism in different media and cultures. In order to achieve this overall purpose, meaning or meanings that are searchable in the communication process will be evaluated.

Intercultural communication has always been a chance to get acquainted with other societies. Due to the vast improvements of communicational technologies like Internet and social media, this chance is now more than any time in history available, which also provides certain people and certain organizations with the possibility to abuse this power for their own goals and benefits. In the age of information and in a world, where its people are more and more connected like the residents of a small village, the need to inform people about these goals is felt more than ever. This situation and its importance was a reason for a study on the history of intercultural communications between Iran and other countries, focusing on the communications between Iran and Germany. Der Wirkungsbereich interkultureller Beziehungen im Zeitalter der Globalisierung; Erläuterung einiger Beispiele zum Beitrag der Iraner Zusammenfassung Interkulturelle Kommunikation war schon immer eine Gelegenheit, andere Gesellschaften kennenzulernen. Durch die umfangreichen Verbesserungen der Kommunikationstechnologien wie dem Internet und den sozialen Medien ist diese Möglichkeit heute mehr denn je verfügbar. Sie bietet jedoch auch bestimmten Personen und Organisationen die Möglichkeit, diese Macht für ihre eigenen Ziele und Vorteile auszunutzen. Im Zeitalter der Information und in einer Welt, in der die Menschen immer stärker miteinander verbunden sind, wie die Bewohner eines kleinen Dorfs, wird das Bedürfnis, die Menschen über diese Ziele zu informieren, dringender denn je. Diese Situation und ihre Bedeutung waren ein Grund für eine Untersuchung zur Geschichte der interkulturellen Kommunikation zwischen Iran und anderen Ländern, mit einem Fokus auf die Kommunikation zwischen Iran und Deutschland. Schlüsselwörter: Interkulturelle Kommunikation, interkulturelle Literatur, Übersetzung, internationale Filmfestivals, Tourismus, Globalisierung, Iran, Deutschland.

Ursula Baatz’s article investigated the possibility of intercultural RELATIONS between different countries using examples from the distant past and our contemporary times. According to the writer, Goethe is among the examples seeking an audience to speak to the East irrespective of cultural dogmatism, and that is why he wrote the West-Eastern Divan in the time of popular national patriotic poems. This valuable collection clearly aims to bring together the Western and Eastern culture.The bilateral relation between the East and the West have led to the flourishing of human culture in many periods. But since the 19th century, especially after colonial policy and the expansion of the spirit of industrialization, there has been an unpleasant confrontation over these RELATIONS. At this point, the „other” is considered as a subordinate who does not have the talent to accept enlightenment. In such a situation, the rule of ideological thought destroys the cultural RELATIONS between nations, and unfortunately, the scope of such destructive thoughts has reached the 20th century, which continues and is renewed in various forms. Westlich-östliches Erbe: Verwerfungen Zusammenfassung Der Artikel von Ursula Baatz untersucht die Möglichkeit interkultureller Beziehungen zwischen verschiedenen Ländern anhand von Beispielen aus der fernen Vergangenheit und unserer Gegenwart. Laut der Autorin gehört Goethe zu den Beispielen, die ein Publikum suchen, um mit dem Osten zu sprechen, unabhängig von kulturellem Dogmatismus. Aus diesem Grund schrieb er den West-östlichen Divan zu einer Zeit, in der patriotische Nationalgedichte populär waren. Diese wertvolle Sammlung hat eindeutig das Ziel, die westliche und die östliche Kultur miteinander zu vereinen. Die bilaterale Beziehung zwischen dem Osten und dem Westen hat in vielen Epochen zu einem Aufblühen der menschlichen Kultur geführt. Doch seit dem 19. Jahrhundert, besonders nach der Kolonialpolitik und der Ausbreitung des Industrialisierungsgeistes, kam es zu einer unangenehmen Konfrontation über diese Beziehungen. An diesem Punkt wird der „Andere“ als Untergeordneter betrachtet, der nicht das Talent besitzt, Aufklärung zu akzeptieren. In einer solchen Situation zerstört die Herrschaft des ideologischen Denkens die kulturellen Beziehungen zwischen den Nationen, und leider hat der Umfang solcher zerstörerischen Gedanken das 20. Jahrhundert erreicht, wo sie in verschiedenen Formen weiter bestehen und sich erneuern. Schlüsselwörter: interkulturelle Beziehungen, der Andere, Verzerrungen interkultureller Beziehungen, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

Armenia is one of the areas that has undergone successive attacks throughout the history by different ethnic groups and has been confronting with the cultures of other ethnic groups. After repeated attacks by the Ottomans on this land and the migration of this people to Iran during reign of Shah Abbas I, as well as the transfer of privileges by him on the basis of utilizing the Armenians in the economic, political and cultural situations, the establishment of intercultural RELATIONS with Iranians and, at the same time, the survival of ethnic identity of Armenians could be observed. This was due to the common historical background of these two ethnic groups in ancient Iran and before the Safavid era, as Armenian territory used to be ruled by the Iranian kings in the ancient era of Iran. The present study is trying to answer the question regarding the different factors that created the intercultural RELATIONS between the Iranians and the Armenians of the land of Armenia. Thus, it is assumed that the common historical and cultural backgrounds of Iranians and Armenians of ancient times have led to the interactions between the two ethnic groups during the Safavid period. Regarding the importance of Armenian migration to Iran during the Safavid period, considering the state of their interactions with the Iranians is the essential requirement in carrying out this study. In this respect, the aim of the present study is to identify the bases for the establishment of intercultural RELATIONS between the Iranians and Armenians of Armenia, to examine the effective components of the ethnic identity of the Armenians, and also to analyze the cultural commonalities between the Iranians and Armenians. Regarding its aim, this study is based on the developmental approach and for its methodology and nature, it is on historical and descriptive-analytical basis. Hence, it has sought to achieve its aims through desk studies and reliable sources. The obtained results indicate that the Achaemenid and Parthian governments in ancient Iran have had a significant interaction with the lands of Armenia and their common background was due to the interactions of these two ethnic groups in the fields including language, ceremonies, music and architecture. Nevertheless, their identities had independent subjective and objective characteristics that preserved the values and stability of Armenian ethnic identity in Iran during the Safavid period.

Introduction: The increase in migration movements, global health challenges, and the requirements of different organizations have emphasized the importance of Constructing Intercultural Competence (ICC). However, not all countries have policies to achieve this. Therefore, this research aimed to understand the process of constructing Intercultural Competence in theprofessional training of Health Sciences students.Methods: A qualitative study with a Grounded Theory design was conducted. Semi-structured interviews, lasting 40 to 50 minutes, were conducted with students in their last year of training tocomply with the intensity sampling. Theoretical sampling was achieved using the Constant Comparative Methods, interview refinements, and data saturation by program and university topropose theoretical codes. Focused Coding allowed grouping and establishing RELATIONShips between the codes and categories. Two accredited Ethics Committees in Chile approved the study.Results: 106 students from three universities, including medicine, midwifery, nursing, nutrition, dentistry, pharmacy, and kinesiology, participated. Two categories were formed: 1) the construct of Intercultural Competence, composed of seven stages which were named Sentient Intercultural Self-Efficacy; and 2) precursors of the construct of Intercultural Competence, composed of intrapersonal characteristics, the nature of empathy and the materialization of will.Conclusion: The precursors to the construction seem to favor critical thinking, which enables the development of Sentient Intercultural Self-Efficacy. However, the strong influence of validscientific evidence, combined with vicarious learning, causes a setback in achieving the construction. This demonstrates the need to develop a critical perspective among students to challenge the prevailing status quo characterized by an equality and ethnocentric approach to patient care. Achieving Intercultural Alternative Thinking, where individuals are open to incorporating other treatment alternatives that may not necessarily have scientific evidence but could benefit patient recovery, is essential.